LiChenxi1SongZhiqiang2JinXing3GongZhongcheng1LiuHui4LiuXu5DingMingchao6SunJialin7LongXing8ShaoBo11Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology & Surgery, School/Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830054, China2Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510182, China3Department of Anesthesiology, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin 132011, China4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China5Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology Lanzhou University & Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Lanzhou 730013, China6Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Traumatology & Orthognathic Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi′an 710032, China7School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China8Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
1.指南制订小组(guideline development group,GDG):GDG成员包括牙医、普通内科医师、口腔颌面外科医师、TMJ及口颌面疼痛专科医师、临床药理学家、流行病学家、方法学家、统计学家,以及TMD继发慢性疼痛的患者。
2.系统评价及网状Meta分析:本指南证据水平由一项纳入210项临床研究的系统综述及合并其中153项(8 713例患者)的网状Meta分析进行评价,详细研究方案在国际前瞻性系统评价注册系统(the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews,PROSPERO)完成注册批准(注册号:CRD42023439937)[7]。
1.当前TMD的临床管理:2014年,口颌面疼痛和相关疾病国际方法学协作网络(International Network for Orofacial Pain and Related Disorders Methodology,INFORM)更新了诊断标准,包括TMD的12种亚型,其中最常见的是肌筋膜痛[22],但每种亚型的诊断在很大程度上是基于主观判断,患者通常满足一种以上TMD亚型的诊断标准[8, 9]。2017年,美国国立牙科和颅面研究院(National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research,NIDCR)也宣布“目前还未有被广泛接受的评判标准正确诊断TMD”[23]。由于目前尚未有TMD相关慢性疼痛的临床管理指南报道,现行临床实践指南基于TMD临床诊疗决策,但各组织提供的TMD临床诊疗建议不一致并具有一定的局限性(表2)。
10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20231229-00313.T002
关于颞下颌关节紊乱病临床诊疗的5个最新指南
发表年份
临床指南
诊疗建议
2022
Temporomandibular disorder:a guide for general dental practitioners
3.本临床实践指南治疗建议:本临床实践指南提出的建议仅适用于患有TMD继发的中度慢性疼痛(目测类比评分10 cm刻度量表所示4~6 cm,持续时间≥3个月)的成年患者,不适用于急性TMD疼痛(持续时间<3个月)的治疗。GDG根据网状Meta分析比较各干预措施与安慰剂或假治疗的合并效应估计值将慢性TMD疼痛的临床管理建议分为强烈赞成(strong in favor)、条件性赞成(conditional in favor)、条件性反对(conditional against)和强烈反对(strong against)四组。
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