Chinese Burn AssociationBurn Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare
本共识为国际合作项目
This consensus is an international cooperation project
黎宁,陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院全军烧伤研究所,创伤与化学中毒全国重点实验室,重庆 400038,Email:276806@tmmu.edu.cn张寅,上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院护理部,上海 200025,Email:inazhang2001@163.com Li Ning, Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China, Email: 276806@tmmu.edu.cnZhang Yin, Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China, Email: inazhang2001@163.com
国际实践指南注册与透明化平台,PREPARE-2023CN614
International Practice Guideline Registry Platform, PREPARE-2023CN614
推荐意见3:推荐在严重烧伤患者入院24 h内使用营养风险筛查2002(nutrition risk screening 2002,NRS2002)对其进行营养风险筛查(证据等级:5a,推荐强度:弱),在严重烧伤患者住院期间采用改良危重症营养风险(modified nutrition risk in the critically ill,mNUTRIC)评分对其进行营养风险动态评估(证据等级:3c,推荐强度:强)。
证据与说明:患者营养状态与临床救治过程中的病情变化密切相关,营养风险筛查能反映患者营养状态,初次筛查应在入院后24 h内完成。目前严重烧伤患者常用的营养风险筛查工具包括NRS2002、改良NRS2002、危重症营养风险(nutrition risk in the critically ill,NUTRIC)评分、mNUTRIC评分等。NRS2002从疾病状况、营养状况、年龄这3个方面对患者进行营养风险筛查,在临床得到广泛使用[9,25, 26]。改良NRS2002在人体测量学及实验室检查指标的基础上,兼顾了烧伤因素对患者营养状态的影响[27]。NUTRIC评分涵盖了年龄、急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ、脓毒症相关性器官功能衰竭评价、合并症数量、入住ICU前住院时间、IL-6等指标内容[28],在临床实践中具有一定的特异性。然而,目前有关改良NRS2002、NUTRIC评分这2个工具的烧伤专科临床研究较少,缺乏进一步数据验证。mNUTRIC评分在NUTRIC评分基础上减少了IL-6这一指标,多项大型严重烧伤患者临床研究均验证了mNUTRIC评分在营养风险筛查中的有效性和特异性[29, 30]。本共识编写组结合临床实践中的可操作性及筛查工具的特异性,建议在严重烧伤患者入院24 h内采用NRS2002对其进行营养风险筛查,考虑到烧伤严重程度对营养状态的影响,对营养风险筛查低风险患者在其入院1周或发生病情变化后、手术前后可采用mNUTRIC评分进行营养风险动态评估。
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